Thermal storage is a research area that focuses on developing methods and technologies for storing thermal energy for later use. This can include storing heat generated from renewable sources such as solar or geothermal energy, as well as waste heat from industrial processes. Thermal storage systems are crucial for improving the efficiency and reliability of energy production and consumption, allowing for better integration of renewable energy sources into the grid and reducing overall energy costs. Research in this area aims to improve the design, efficiency, and scalability of thermal storage technologies to meet the growing demand for sustainable energy solutions.